The basic requirements for pig ultrasound used in pig farms include light weight, easy operation (even if carried), easy cleaning and external disinfection, high resolution, long battery life, and durability.

The B-ultrasound probe for pigs should choose a fan-shaped convex array probe, and it is recommended to use an electronic probe. The probe frequency is 2.0-5.0MHz. Lower frequencies typically provide insufficient resolution to display subtle structures (i.e. ovaries), while higher frequencies may not fully penetrate to display the entire sow uterus.

High definition B-ultrasound machine for pigs

Rectal and abdominal scans of reserve sows/sows are possible. Transrectal scanning of large sows can be performed using handheld and manually guided probes. In smaller animals, the probe usually has to be connected to a stabilizer bar, usually a specially designed plastic or metal device, as pelvic stenosis limits manual guidance through the rectum. The transrectal method usually requires the prior removal of feces in order to have sufficient tissue/probe interface to capture optimal images. Perform transabdominal scanning by placing the transducer on the lower abdomen above the mammary gland in the inguinal region. Transrectal and transabdominal scanning is a preference issue, although transrectal scanning may help obtain more detailed images (depending on transducer quality and frequency), transabdominal methods are easy to access and therefore perform faster. The transabdominal method also significantly reduces the risk of harm to animals and individuals performing the technique, and has the advantage of being able to perform on closed and free range sows/reserve sows.

Pig B-ultrasound machine is used to measure the pregnancy uterus, pregnancy, and perinatal evaluation of sows

Pregnancy testing was diagnosed as early as the 9th day of pregnancy based on breeding records and the presence of embryonic fluid with a diameter of approximately 1.0 millimeter. On the 15th day, the size of the pregnant body is about 4.0 millimeters, and on the 18th to 22nd day, the diameter is about 10 millimeters. Late pregnancy is associated with increased accumulation of embryonic fluid and visualization of fetal tissue. When using a 7.5 MHz transducer, it is easy to see the fetal body on the 18th day of pregnancy, while using a 5.0 MHz transducer on the 19th to 20th day of pregnancy [2,22]. The fetal heartbeat appears on days 21-25 and can be used to determine the survival rate of the fetus. Doppler ultrasound examination using laparoscopic methods has been used to evaluate the umbilical artery blood flow index of fetuses at 36, 42, and 51 days of age, but this study did not show any correlation between perfusion index and fetal growth. The visualization of fetal eye sockets and stomach occurs around the 49th day of pregnancy (transabdominal scan; 5.0 MHz). Although breeding dates are usually provided in commercial operations, measuring fetal crown hip length can help determine the stage of pregnancy. According to reports, the difference in uterine echoes based on grayscale analysis can be used to determine pregnant and non pregnant reserve sows at 12-14 days of gestation. This work assumes that the decrease in uterine echogenicity associated with pregnancy is the result of embryonic derived estrogen causing endometrial edema and congestion, which typically occurs when the mother confirms pregnancy.

Due to the lack of ultrasound characteristic patterns specific to the pregnancy stage, pig B-ultrasound examination can be used to diagnose pathological conditions such as embryo death and miscarriage.

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