The main causes of long-term non estrus in cows are ovarian quiescence, ovarian atrophy, latent estrus, and persistent corpus luteum. The ovaries are hard, and no follicles or corpus luteum can be seen on imported cattle ultrasound; Ovarian shrinkage, absence of follicles and corpus luteum; Follicles present, but not in estrus; The ovaries are enlarged, hard, and have corpus luteum. Therapeutic chorionic gonadotropin 2500-5000U, intramuscular injection. Diethylstilbestrol 20-25mg, intramuscular injection. Horse gonadotropin 20-40mL, intramuscular injection. Luteinizing hormone 100-200mL, intramuscular injection. Prostaglandin E2a 5-10mg, gonadotropin-releasing hormone 400-500mg, intramuscular injection.

The main causes of recurrent infertility in cows with normal sexual cycles are salpingitis, hidden endometritis, and chronic endometritis. Imported cows need to be diagnosed and differentiated using ultrasound. Treatment involves washing the uterus with 1% saline and injecting penicillin and streptomycin after washing. Wash the uterus with 1% sodium bicarbonate water and inject antibiotics into the uterus after washing.

The delayed estrus of cows is mainly due to abnormal ovarian development, persistent corpus luteum, and mummified fetuses. The ovaries are enlarged and hard, with a dull surface, and ovulation is delayed or absent. Treatment with follicle stimulating hormone 100-200U, once every other day, 2-3 times in a row. Luteinizing hormone 100-200U, once every other day, 2-3 times in a row. After treatment, imported cattle should be used to observe the condition of the ovaries using ultrasound, and imported cattle should be checked every few days to see if the follicles are developing normally.

The main causes of shortened estrus period and persistent corpus luteum (short estrus cycle) in cows are follicular cysts and luteal insufficiency. On imported cattle ultrasound, 1-2 large follicles with fluctuations can be seen on the ovaries, and the cow appears to be very aggressive. Luteinizing hormone 100-200U is used for treatment, once every other day, 2-3 times in a row. Chorionic gonadotropin 5000-10000U, intramuscular injection, laser irradiation, mating nest.

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