Ovarian atrophy and alternate development in cows. Ovarian atrophy in cows refers to the cessation of follicular development halfway through. When imported cows are observed by ultrasound, it can be seen that the diameter of the cow's follicles remains unchanged, and external estrous symptoms gradually disappear.

Follicles alternate in development. In imported cows, B-ultrasound can observe that follicles on one ovary of the cow stop developing, while there are varying numbers of follicles on the opposite or ipsilateral ovary that develop. However, before they mature, they begin to shrink, alternating one after another.

In terms of treatment, 100-200 units of follicle stimulating hormone can be injected intramuscularly, once a day or once every other day, to promote follicular development, maturation, and ovulation. Alternatively, 5000-10000 units of chorionic gonadotropin can be injected intramuscularly, and the therapeutic effect can be observed using imported cattle and B-ultrasound.

Endometritis in cows, with contaminated feces from the external genitalia and tail roots of lactating cows that have not been thoroughly cleaned and disinfected; When assisting with childbirth or removing the placenta, the surgeon's arms and instruments are not properly disinfected; Unclean delivery and breeding can cause postpartum endometrial infections, such as the breakdown of the placenta and stagnation of lochia. When imported cattle are observed by ultrasound, strong echoes of inflammatory substances can be seen in the uterine mucosal layer.

The best method for preventing and treating endometritis is postpartum injection of chloroprostenol, which promotes uterine smooth muscle contraction and lochia excretion, combined with the use of long-acting antibiotics to prevent postpartum infections. After treatment, the effect can also be observed by imported cattle using B-ultrasound.

The ovaries of cows are in a quiescent state after being disrupted, with a size similar to fava beans and a normal or hard texture. There are no follicles or corpus luteum on the surface of the ovaries, weak uterine contractions, and reduced volume. Imported cows can be observed with ultrasound to maintain the volume of the ovaries without follicle formation. For treatment, 100-200 units of follicle stimulating hormone can be injected intramuscularly, and 100-200 units of luteinizing hormone can be injected intramuscularly when estrus occurs.

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